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  2. Conditional probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_probability

    Given two events A and B from the sigma-field of a probability space, with the unconditional probability of B being greater than zero (i.e., P(B) > 0), the conditional probability of A given B (()) is the probability of A occurring if B has or is assumed to have happened. [5]

  3. Conditional probability distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_probability...

    Then the unconditional probability that = is 3/6 = 1/2 (since there are six possible rolls of the dice, of which three are even), whereas the probability that = conditional on = is 1/3 (since there are three possible prime number rolls—2, 3, and 5—of which one is even).

  4. Compound probability distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_probability...

    In probability and statistics, a compound probability distribution (also known as a mixture distribution or contagious distribution) is the probability distribution that results from assuming that a random variable is distributed according to some parametrized distribution, with (some of) the parameters of that distribution themselves being random variables.

  5. Berkson's paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkson's_paradox

    Berkson's paradox arises because the conditional probability of given within the three-cell subset equals the conditional probability in the overall population, but the unconditional probability within the subset is inflated relative to the unconditional probability in the overall population, hence, within the subset, the presence of decreases ...

  6. Probability theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_theory

    Probability theory or probability calculus is the branch of mathematics concerned with probability. Although there are several different probability interpretations , probability theory treats the concept in a rigorous mathematical manner by expressing it through a set of axioms .

  7. Stationary process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stationary_process

    In mathematics and statistics, a stationary process (or a strict/strictly stationary process or strong/strongly stationary process) is a stochastic process whose unconditional joint probability distribution does not change when shifted in time.

  8. Monty Hall problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Hall_problem

    By definition, the conditional probability of winning by switching given the contestant initially picks door 1 and the host opens door 3 is the probability for the event "car is behind door 2 and host opens door 3" divided by the probability for "host opens door 3".

  9. Conditioning (probability) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditioning_(probability)

    Beliefs depend on the available information. This idea is formalized in probability theory by conditioning. Conditional probabilities, conditional expectations, and conditional probability distributions are treated on three levels: discrete probabilities, probability density functions, and measure theory.