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1642–1651 English Civil War. 1642–1646 First English Civil War; 1648–1649 Second English Civil War; 1649–1651 Third English Civil War; 1649–1653 Cromwellian conquest of Ireland; 1640–1668 Spanish-Portuguese War – 80,000 killed in action [1] 1648–1659 Franco-Spanish War – 108,000 killed in action [1] 1648–1657 Khmelnytsky ...
"Second Thirty Years' War" is a periodization scheme sometimes used to encompass the wars in Europe from 1914 to 1945. [a] Just as the Thirty Years' War of 1618 to 1648 was not a single war but a series of conflicts in varied times and locations, later organized and named by historians into a single period, the Second Thirty Years' War has been seen as a "European Civil War", fought over the ...
A French satirical cartoon map of Europe in 1870. The European Civil War is a concept meant to characterize a series of 19th- and early 20th-century conflicts in Europe as segments of an overarching civil war within a supposed European society. The timeframes associated with this European Civil War vary among historians.
The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and Greece did especially well, while Eastern Europe did poorly, due to the First World War and Russian Civil War. [24] In advanced economies the prosperity reached middle class households and many in the working class with radio, automobiles, telephones, and electric lighting and appliances. There ...
The preparations for the Second World War were also made in the economic sphere, as the German government exerted pressure on weaker governments to place their economies at the disposal of the German war machine. One such case was the German–Romanian economic agreement of 23 March 1939.
The Origins of the Second World War (Routledge, 2014) . a major scholarly study; Tarling, Nicholas, and Margaret Lamb. From Versailles to Pearl Harbor: The Origins of the Second World War in Europe and Asia (Palgrave Macmillan, 2001) online. Watt, Donald Cameron. How War Came: The Immediate Origins of the Second World War, 1938–1939 (1989).
The Spanish Civil War (Spanish: guerra civil española) [note 2] was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republicans and the Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the left -leaning Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic , and consisted of various socialist , communist , separatist , anarchist , and ...
The exceptions included the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922, Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921, the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922, and some civil wars, such as in Ireland. Instead, the ideals of peace is a theme that dominated the international agenda of all major nations in the 1920s.