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Gauge factor (GF) or strain factor of a strain gauge is the ratio of relative change in electrical resistance R, to the mechanical strain ε. The gauge factor is defined as: [ 1 ] G F = Δ R / R Δ L / L = Δ R / R ε = 1 + 2 ν + Δ ρ / ρ ε {\displaystyle GF={\frac {\Delta R/R}{\Delta L/L}}={\frac {\Delta R/R}{\varepsilon }}=1+2\nu +{\frac ...
The calipers in the diagram show a primary reading on the metric scale of about 2.475 cm (2.4 cm read from the main scale plus about 0.075 cm from the vernier scale). Calipers often have a "zero point error": meaning that the calipers do not read 0.000 cm when the jaws are closed.