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Formatting a disk for use by an operating system and its applications typically involves three different processes. [e]Low-level formatting (i.e., closest to the hardware) marks the surfaces of the disks with markers indicating the start of a recording block (typically today called sector markers) and other information like block CRC to be used later, in normal operations, by the disk ...
Prior to Windows Vista, all I/O requests were capped at 64 KB; thus larger operations had to be completed in chunks. In Windows Vista, there is no limit on the size of I/O requests. This means an entire I/O operation can be completed by issuing fewer requests, which in turn may lead to higher performance.
The common RAID DDF structure benefits storage users by enabling in-place data migration or recovery after controller failure using systems from different vendors. [1] DDF is an external metadata format that is compatible with the mdraid subsystem in the Linux kernel. The mdadm command-line utility is a part of the mdraid subsystem. [2]
Fixed hard disk image: a file that is allocated to the size of the virtual disk. Fixed VHDs consist of a raw disk image followed by a VHD footer (512 or formerly 511 bytes). [2] Dynamic hard disk image: a file that at any given time is as large as the actual data written to it, plus the size of the header and footer.
In Windows NT, the booting process is initiated by NTLDR in versions before Vista and the Windows Boot Manager (BOOTMGR) in Vista and later. [4] The boot loader is responsible for accessing the file system on the boot drive, starting ntoskrnl.exe, and loading boot-time device drivers into memory.
A disk file system takes advantages of the ability of disk storage media to randomly address data in a short amount of time. Additional considerations include the speed of accessing data following that initially requested and the anticipation that the following data may also be requested.
Backup and Restore [1] (formerly Backup and Restore Center [2]) is the primary backup component of Windows Vista and Windows 7.It can create file and folder backups, as well as system images backups, to be used for recovery in the event of data corruption, hard disk drive failure, or malware infection.
Windows RE is installed alongside Windows Vista and later, and may be booted from hard disks, optical media (such as an operating system installation disc) and PXE (e.g. Windows Deployment Services). [23] A copy of Windows RE is included in the installation media of the aforementioned operating systems. It is a successor to the Recovery Console.