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Polyhydramnios is a medical condition describing an excess of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac.It is seen in about 1% of pregnancies. [1] [2] [3] It is typically diagnosed when the amniotic fluid index (AFI) is greater than 24 cm. [4] [5] There are two clinical varieties of polyhydramnios: chronic polyhydramnios where excess amniotic fluid accumulates gradually, and acute polyhydramnios ...
Perlman syndrome (PS), also known as nephroblastomatosis-fetal ascites-macrosomia-Wilms tumor syndrome, is a rare overgrowth syndrome caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the DIS3L2 gene. PS is characterized by macrocephaly , neonatal macrosomia , nephromegaly , renal dysplasia, dysmorphic facial features, and increased risk for Wilms ...
Else if SCT over 5–10 cm or polyhydramnios, perform early (37 weeks gestation) elective Cesarean section; Else SCT small and no complications, permit term spontaneous vaginal delivery; Emergent problems include maternal mirror syndrome, polyhydramnios, and preterm labor. Poor management decisions, including interventions that are either ...
Mirror syndrome, triple edema or Ballantyne syndrome is a rare disorder affecting pregnant women. It describes the unusual association of fetal and placental hydrops with maternal preeclampsia. [1] The name "mirror syndrome" refers to the similarity between maternal edema and fetal hydrops. It was first described in 1892 by John William ...
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), also known as feto-fetal transfusion syndrome (FFTS), twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS) and stuck twin syndrome, is a complication of monochorionic multiple pregnancies (the most common form of identical twin pregnancy) in which there is disproportionate blood supply between the fetuses.
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR, pronounced as fever) is a genetic disorder affecting the growth and development of blood vessels in the retina of the eye. This disease can lead to visual impairment and sometimes complete blindness in one or both eyes. FEVR is characterized by incomplete vascularization of the peripheral retina.
Post-laser TAPS and spontaneous TAPS are the two forms of TAPS. Unlike twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, which arises when twin oligohydramnios polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS) is present, TAPS develops in its absence. [2]
In affected children studied, the first signs of Pretzel syndrome begin during gestation: 80% of mothers have polyhydramnios, extra amniotic fluid around the affected baby. The majority of mothers also have preterm labor starting anywhere from 25–38 weeks gestation. The brain is large and malformed in all affected children.