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A block diagram is a diagram of a system in which the principal parts or functions are represented by blocks connected by lines that show the relationships of the blocks. [1] They are heavily used in engineering in hardware design , electronic design , software design , and process flow diagrams .
The automatic lubrication system is connected to a control system via switchs. The control system may involve human input or may be computerised (computer numerical control or CNC). [2] [3] There are advantages of using an automatic lubrication system over a manual system. For example, there are savings in the costs of human resources. The ...
The block diagram can use additional schematic symbols to show particular properties. Since the late 1950s, functional block diagrams have been used in a wide range applications, from systems engineering to software engineering. They became a necessity in complex systems design to "understand thoroughly from exterior design the operation of the ...
The basic idea is to try to divide a system in such a way that each block of a block diagram can be described without an "and" or "or" in the description. This exercise forces each part of the system to have a pure function. When a system is designed as pure functions, they can be reused, or replaced.
Block diagram of a control system with disturbance. The sensitivity function also describes the transfer function from external disturbance to process output. In fact, assuming an additive disturbance n after the output of the plant, the transfer functions of the closed loop system are given by
The distinguishing feature of the PID controller is the ability to use the three control terms of proportional, integral and derivative influence on the controller output to apply accurate and optimal control. The block diagram on the right shows the principles of how these terms are generated and applied.
Next, the systems and subsystems are depicted in functional block diagrams. Reliability block diagrams or fault trees are usually constructed at the same time. These diagrams are used to trace information flow at different levels of system hierarchy, identify critical paths and interfaces, and identify the higher level effects of lower level ...
Control engineering is the engineering discipline that focuses on the modeling of a diverse range of dynamic systems (e.g. mechanical systems) and the design of controllers that will cause these systems to behave in the desired manner. Although such controllers need not be electrical, many are and hence control engineering is often viewed as a ...