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A manual console served as the input/output control unit of the computer. The software of TIFRAC were written in a series of commands of 0s and 1s ( machine code ). A British-built HEC 2M computer, happened to be the first digital computer in India, which was imported and installed in Indian Statistical Institute , Kolkata, during 1955.
A human computer, with microscope and calculator, 1952. It was not until the mid-20th century that the word acquired its modern definition; according to the Oxford English Dictionary, the first known use of the word computer was in a different sense, in a 1613 book called The Yong Mans Gleanings by the English writer Richard Brathwait: "I haue [] read the truest computer of Times, and the best ...
The analytical engine was a proposed digital mechanical general-purpose computer designed by English mathematician and computer pioneer Charles Babbage. [2] [3] It was first described in 1837 as the successor to Babbage's Difference Engine, which was a design for a simpler mechanical calculator.
The second-generation computer architectures initially varied; they included character-based decimal computers, sign-magnitude decimal computers with a 10-digit word, sign-magnitude binary computers, and ones' complement binary computers, although Philco, RCA, and Honeywell, for example, had some computers that were character-based binary ...
PDP-1 PDP-6 PDP-7 PDP-8/e PDP-11/40 PDP-12 PDP-15 (partial) PDP-15 graphics terminal with light pen and digitizing tablet. Programmed Data Processor (PDP), referred to by some customers, media and authors as "Programmable Data Processor," [1] [2] [3] is a term used by the Digital Equipment Corporation from 1957 to 1990 for several lines of minicomputers.
The fourth generation computers began with the shipment of CPS-1, the first commercial microprocessor microcomputer in 1972 and for the purposes of this list marks the end of the "early" third generation computer era. Note that third generation computers were offered well into the 1990s. The list is organized by delivery year to customers or ...
A vacuum-tube computer, now termed a first-generation computer, is a computer that uses vacuum tubes for logic circuitry. While the history of mechanical aids to computation goes back centuries , if not millennia , the history of vacuum tube computers is confined to the middle of the 20th century.
Mechanical computers reached their zenith during World War II, when they formed the basis of complex bombsights including the Norden, as well as the similar devices for ship computations such as the US Torpedo Data Computer or British Admiralty Fire Control Table. Noteworthy are mechanical flight instruments for early spacecraft, which provided ...