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  2. Protein biosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_biosynthesis

    Protein biosynthesis (or protein synthesis) is a core biological process, occurring inside cells, balancing the loss of cellular proteins (via degradation or export) through the production of new proteins. Proteins perform a number of critical functions as enzymes, structural proteins or hormones.

  3. Biosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosynthesis

    Biosynthesis, i.e., chemical synthesis occurring in biological contexts, is a term most often referring to multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed processes where chemical substances absorbed as nutrients (or previously converted through biosynthesis) serve as enzyme substrates, with conversion by the living organism either into simpler or more complex ...

  4. Amino acid synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid_synthesis

    The adenylation activity is catalyzed by the bifunctional adenylyltransferase/adenylyl removal (AT/AR) enzyme. Glutamine and a regulatory protein called PII act together to stimulate adenylation. [3] This diagram shows the biosynthesis (analbolism) of amino acids glutamate, glutamine, proline, and arginine from the precursor alpha-ketoglutarate.

  5. Protein production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_production

    Protein production is the biotechnological process of generating a specific protein. It is typically achieved by the manipulation of gene expression in an organism such that it expresses large amounts of a recombinant gene .

  6. Nonribosomal peptide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonribosomal_peptide

    The biosynthesis of nonribosomal peptides shares characteristics with the polyketide and fatty acid biosynthesis. Due to these structural and mechanistic similarities, some nonribosomal peptide synthetases contain polyketide synthase modules for the insertion of acetate or propionate -derived subunits into the peptide chain.

  7. Protein metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_metabolism

    Protein anabolism is the process by which proteins are formed from amino acids. It relies on five processes: amino acid synthesis, transcription, translation, post translational modifications, and protein folding. Proteins are made from amino acids. In humans, some amino acids can be synthesized using already existing intermediates. These amino ...

  8. Ribosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome

    The differences between the bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes are ... Ribosomes are the workplaces of protein biosynthesis, ... other steps in protein synthesis ...

  9. Protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein

    The study of proteins in vivo is often concerned with the synthesis and localization of the protein within the cell. Although many intracellular proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm and membrane-bound or secreted proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum , the specifics of how proteins are targeted to specific organelles or cellular structures ...