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R is a programming language for statistical computing and data visualization. It has been adopted in the fields of data mining, bioinformatics and data analysis. [9] The core R language is augmented by a large number of extension packages, containing reusable code, documentation, and sample data. R software is open-source and free software.
Theorem (Distinct Cosets) — A linear code is an -burst-error-correcting code if all the burst errors of length lie in distinct cosets of . Proof Let e 1 , e 2 {\displaystyle \mathbf {e} _{1},\mathbf {e} _{2}} be distinct burst errors of length ⩽ ℓ {\displaystyle \leqslant \ell } which lie in same coset of code C {\displaystyle C} .
In the panel data fixed effects estimator dummies are created for each of the units in cross-sectional data (e.g. firms or countries) or periods in a pooled time-series. However in such regressions either the constant term has to be removed, or one of the dummies removed making this the base category against which the others are assessed, for ...
For Dummies is an extensive series of instructional reference books which are intended to present non-intimidating guides for readers new to the various topics covered. The series has been a worldwide success with editions in numerous languages.
R Commander (Rcmdr) is a GUI for the R programming language, licensed under the GNU General Public License, and developed and maintained by John Fox in the sociology department at McMaster University. [2] Rcmdr looks and works similarly to SPSS GUI by providing a menu of analytic and graphical methods. It also displays the underlying R code ...
RStudio IDE (or RStudio) is an integrated development environment for R, a programming language for statistical computing and graphics. It is available in two formats: RStudio Desktop is a regular desktop application while RStudio Server runs on a remote server and allows accessing RStudio using a web browser.
Computer programming or coding is the composition of sequences of instructions, called programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. [1] [2] It involves designing and implementing algorithms, step-by-step specifications of procedures, by writing code in one or more programming languages.
The Reed–Solomon code is actually a family of codes, where every code is characterised by three parameters: an alphabet size , a block length, and a message length, with <. The set of alphabet symbols is interpreted as the finite field F {\displaystyle F} of order q {\displaystyle q} , and thus, q {\displaystyle q} must be a prime power .