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Petrochemical plant in Saudi Arabia. Petrochemicals (sometimes abbreviated as petchems [1]) are the chemical products obtained from petroleum by refining. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, or renewable sources such as maize, palm fruit or sugar cane.
Some petroleum industry operations have been responsible for water pollution through by-products of refining and oil spills. Though hydraulic fracturing has significantly increased natural gas extraction, there is some belief and evidence to support that consumable water has seen increased in methane contamination due to this gas extraction. [ 39 ]
Jampilen Petrochemical co., Asaluyeh, Iran. The petrochemical industry is concerned with the production and trade of petrochemicals. [according to whom?] A major part is constituted by the plastics (polymer) industry. [according to whom?] It directly interfaces with the petroleum industry, especially the downstream sector. [according to whom?]
Oil field in California, 1938. The modern history of petroleum began in the nineteenth century with the refining of paraffin from crude oil. The Scottish chemist James Young in 1847 noticed a natural petroleum seepage in the Riddings colliery at Alfreton, Derbyshire from which he distilled a light thin oil suitable for use as lamp oil, at the same time obtaining a thicker oil suitable for ...
The first large petroleum refinery was built in Ploesti, Romania in 1856 using the abundant oil available in Romania. [4] [5] In North America, the first oil well was drilled in 1858 by James Miller Williams in Ontario, Canada. In the United States, the petroleum industry began in 1859 when Edwin Drake found oil near Titusville, Pennsylvania. [6]
The oil and gas industry is usually divided into three major sectors: upstream, midstream, and downstream. The downstream sector is the refining of petroleum crude oil and the processing and purifying of raw natural gas, [1] as well as the marketing and distribution of products derived from crude oil and natural gas.
WASHINGTON – The Biden administration slapped fresh sanctions on Iran’s petroleum industry on Friday in retaliation for Tehran’s massive missile attack on Israel last week.. The Treasury ...
API – American Petroleum Institute: organization which sets unit standards in the oil and gas industry °API – degrees API (gravity of oil) APPRE – appraisal report; APS – active pipe support; APWD – annular pressure while drilling (tool) [5] ARACL – array acoustic log; ARESV – analysis of reservoir; ARI – azimuthal resistivity ...