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Hydrothermal mineral deposits are accumulations of valuable minerals which formed from hot waters circulating in Earth's crust through fractures. They eventually produce metallic -rich fluids concentrated in a selected volume of rock, which become supersaturated and then precipitate ore minerals.
The Oubasi orogenic gold deposit in Southern Ghana is host to mineral resources of over 70 Moz Au at a grade of 7.39g/t or higher, with a past production of 32 Moz Au. [9] The deposit is located in the Birimian orogen, where gold mining is known to have taken place back to the 17th century, but modern industrial-scale mining began in 1897 by ...
The Carlin–type deposits represent some of the largest hydrothermal gold deposits in the world. [7] The invisible nature of the gold in the deposit makes it difficult to find deposits of that kind. The class of deposit was defined after the Carlin mine became a mass producer of gold in the 1960s and it was recognized that other deposits of ...
Mineral exploration companies are exploring for seafloor massive sulfide deposits; however, most exploration is concentrated in the search for land-based equivalents of these deposits. The close association with volcanic rocks and eruptive centers sets VMS deposits apart from similar ore deposit types which share similar source , transport and ...
Epithermal — mineral ore deposits formed at low temperatures (50–200 °C) near the Earth's surface (<1500 m), that fill veins, breccias, and stockworks. [2] Telethermal — mineral ore deposits formed at shallow depth and relatively low temperatures, with little or no wall-rock alteration, presumably far from the source of hydrothermal ...
Seafloor massive sulfide sample collected from the Magic Mountain hydrothermal field, British Columbia, Canada. Seafloor massive sulfide deposits or SMS deposits, are modern equivalents of ancient volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposits or VMS deposits. The term has been coined by mineral explorers to differentiate the modern deposit from the ...
SEDEX deposits belong to the large class of non-magmatic hydrothermal ore deposits formed by basinal brines. [11] This class includes also: Mississippi valley type (MVT) zinc-lead deposits. [8] Sediment-hosted stratiform Cu-Co-(Ag) deposit, typified by the Copperbelt of Zambia and DRC. [12]
Paragenesis is a petrologic concept meaning an equilibrium sequence of mineral phases. [1] It is used in studies of igneous and metamorphic rock genesis and importantly in studies of the hydrothermal deposition of ore minerals and the rock alteration (vein metasomatism) associated with ore mineral deposits.