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Discitis, or diskitis, is an infection in the intervertebral disc space that affects different age groups. Symptoms include severe back pain, leading to lack of mobility. In adults, it can lead to severe consequences, such as sepsis or epidural abscess, but it can also spontaneously resolve, especially in children under 8 years of age.
Spondylodiscitis is the most common complication of sepsis or local infection, usually in the form of an abscess. [2] The main causative organisms are staphylococci, but potential organisms include a large number of bacteria, fungi, zoonoses. [2]
Complications may include paralysis, dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), and lung infections. Although DISH manifests in a similar manner to ankylosing spondylitis , they are separate diseases. Ankylosing spondylitis is a genetic disease with identifiable marks, tends to start showing signs in adolescence or young adulthood, is more likely to ...
However, imaging may be obtained if bowel or bladder function is affected, there is significant loss of feeling or weakness, symptoms are long standing, or there is a concern for tumor or infection. [2] Conditions that may present similarly are diseases of the hip and infections such as early shingles (prior to rash formation). [3]
Degenerative disc disease occurs over time when the discs within each vertebra in the neck begin to fall apart and begin to disintegrate. Because each vertebra can cause pain in different areas of the body, the pain from the disease can be sensed in the back, leg, neck area, or even the arms.
Spinal disc disease occurs when the nucleus pulposus, a gel-like material in the inner core of the vertebral disc, ruptures. [19] Rupturing of the nucleus pulposus can lead to compression of nerve roots. [20] Symptoms may be unilateral or bilateral, and correlate to the region of the spine affected.
Cauda equina syndrome may also be caused by central disc prolapse or slipped disc, infections such as epidural abscess, spinal haemorrhages, secondary to medical procedures and birth abnormalities. [38] Cauda equina syndrome (CES) results from a lesion below the level at which the spinal cord ends.
Lumbar disc disease is the drying out of the spongy interior matrix of an intervertebral disc in the spine. Many physicians and patients use the term lumbar disc disease to encompass several different causes of back pain or sciatica. In this article, the term is used to describe a lumbar herniated disc.