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At different points, various Italian states participated in the war, some on both sides, [c] with limited involvement from England, Switzerland, and the Ottoman Empire. The Italic League established in 1454 achieved a balance of power in Italy, but fell apart after the death of its chief architect, Lorenzo de' Medici, in 1492. [1]
The Risorgimento movement emerged to unite Italy in the 19th century. Piedmont-Sardinia took the lead in a series of wars to liberate Italy from foreign control. Following three Wars of Italian Independence against the Habsburg Austrians in the north, the Expedition of the Thousand against the Spanish Bourbons in the south, and the Capture of Rome, the unification of the country was completed ...
But England's entry into the war provoked the French Siege of Calais in January 1558, which was a defeat for the English. French armies plundered Spanish possessions in the Low Countries [clarification needed] and emerged victorious in the Siege of Thionville (April–June 1558).
1642–1651 English Civil War. 1642–1646 First English Civil War; 1648–1649 Second English Civil War; 1649–1651 Third English Civil War; 1649–1653 Cromwellian conquest of Ireland; 1640–1668 Spanish-Portuguese War – 80,000 killed in action [1] 1648–1659 Franco-Spanish War – 108,000 killed in action [1] 1648–1657 Khmelnytsky ...
The military history of Italy chronicles a vast time period, lasting from the military conflicts fought by the ancient peoples of Italy, most notably the conquest of the Mediterranean world by the ancient Romans, through the expansion of the Italian city-states and maritime republics during the medieval period and the involvement of the historical Italian states in the Italian Wars and the ...
Third Italian War (1502–1504) 25 December 1502: Battle of Seminara (1502) . French victory over Spain. 13 February 1503: Challenge of Barletta. Italian knights in Spanish service won a duel against French knights. 23 February 1503: Battle of Ruvo. Spanish victory over France. 21 April 1503: Battle of Seminara (1503). Spanish victory over France.
Part of the Reconquista and Spanish Christian–Muslim War of 1172–1212; Location: Iberian Peninsula. Kingdom of Castile Order of Santiago Order of Évora: Almohad Caliphate: Defeat Castilian–Leonese War (1196–1197) - Part of Spanish Christian–Muslim War of 1172–1212 Location: Iberian Peninsula. Kingdom of Castile. Kingdom of Aragon ...
The Italian War of 1542–1546 was a conflict late in the Italian Wars, pitting Francis I of France and Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire against the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Henry VIII of England. The course of the war saw extensive fighting in Italy, France, and the Low Countries, as well as attempted invasions of Spain and England ...