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  2. Chinese Government Award for Outstanding Self-Financed ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_government_award...

    The call for applications is voluntary and open to all self-financed Chinese students from any academic discipline. The application process is typically completed through an online system. During the online submission process, applicants are required to indicate their local Chinese consulate, which will allocate their applications for initial ...

  3. Orders, decorations, and medals of China - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and...

    In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong and other leaders believed that the national honor system was a relic of old society, and that the pursuit of medals would encourage the prevalence of individualism and selfishness in society, which was inconsistent with the political moral standards of "selflessness".

  4. Imperial examination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_examination

    The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy.The concept of choosing bureaucrats by merit rather than by birth started early in Chinese history, but using written examinations as a tool of selection started in earnest during the Sui dynasty [1] (581–618), then into the Tang ...

  5. Academic grading in China - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_grading_in_China

    In China, for most of the universities and colleges, and most of the high schools, the grading system [citation needed] is divided into five categories: . A: Excellent (85-100%, Chinese: 优秀; pinyin: Yōu xiù; IPA: [jóʊ ɕjôʊ] ")

  6. Meritorious Service Medal (China) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meritorious_Service_Medal...

    The Meritorious Service Medal, along with the Hero's Medal, was first created in April 1951 by the Chinese People's Volunteer Army political director Du Ping in an effort to promote the unity of the Chinese armed forces during the Korean War. [4]

  7. Merit system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merit_system

    Rank was determined by merit, through the civil service examinations, and education became the key for social mobility. [2] After the fall of the Han Dynasty, the nine-rank system was established during the Three Kingdoms period. The concept of a merit system spread from China to British India during the 17th century, and then into continental ...

  8. Cadre system of the Chinese Communist Party - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadre_system_of_the...

    The cadre system of the Chinese Communist Party entails the methods and institutions employed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to train, organize, appoint, and oversee personnel to fulfill a wide range of civil service-type roles in party, state, military, business, and other organizations across the country. The system is composed of the ...

  9. Mandarin (bureaucrat) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_(bureaucrat)

    A 15th-century portrait of the Ming official Jiang Shunfu.The cranes on his mandarin square indicate that he was a civil official of the sixth rank. A Qing photograph of a government official with mandarin square embroidered in front A European view: a mandarin travelling by boat, Baptista van Doetechum, 1604 Nguyễn Văn Tường (chữ Hán: 阮文祥, 1824–1886) was a mandarin of the ...