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Benzyl chloride, or α-chlorotoluene, is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 Cl. This colorless liquid is a reactive organochlorine compound that is a widely used chemical building block .
2-Chlorobenzoic acid is an organic compound with the formula ClC 6 H 4 CO 2 H. It is one of three isomeric chlorobenzoic acids , the one that is the strongest acid. This white solid is used as a precursor to a variety of drugs, food additives, and dyes.
Benzyl chloroformate, also known as benzyl chlorocarbonate or Z-chloride, is the benzyl ester of chloroformic acid. It can be also described as the chloride of the benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz or Z) group. In its pure form it is a water-sensitive oily colorless liquid, although impure samples usually appear yellow.
Chlorobenzene (abbreviated PhCl) is an aryl chloride and the simplest of the chlorobenzenes, consisting of a benzene ring substituted with one chlorine atom. Its chemical formula is C 6 H 5 Cl. This colorless, flammable liquid is a common solvent and a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals.
ROC(O)Cl + HO 2 CR' → ROC(O)−OC(O)R' + HCl. Typically these reactions would be conducted in the presence of a base which serves to absorb the HCl. Alkyl chloroformate esters degrate to give the alkyl chloride, with retention of configuration: ROC(O)Cl ' → RCl + CO 2
Benzyl alcohol is produced industrially from toluene via benzyl chloride, which is hydrolyzed: . C 6 H 5 CH 2 Cl + H 2 O → C 6 H 5 CH 2 OH + HCl. Another route entails hydrogenation of benzaldehyde, a by-product of the oxidation of toluene to benzoic acid.
Alkenes react with hydrogen chloride (HCl) to give alkyl chlorides. For example, the industrial production of chloroethane proceeds by the reaction of ethylene with HCl: H 2 C=CH 2 + HCl → CH 3 CH 2 Cl. In oxychlorination, hydrogen chloride instead of the more expensive chlorine is used for the same purpose: CH 2 =CH 2 + 2 HCl + 1 ⁄ 2 O 2 ...
Benzyl cyanide (abbreviated BnCN) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 CN. This colorless oily aromatic liquid is an important precursor to numerous compounds in organic chemistry. [2] It is also an important pheromone in certain species. [3]