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Running applications with least privilege (for example by running Internet Explorer with the Administrator SID disabled in the process token) in order to reduce the ability of buffer overrun exploits to abuse the privileges of an elevated user. Requiring kernel mode code to be digitally signed. Patching; Use of compilers that trap buffer ...
UAC uses Mandatory Integrity Control to isolate running processes with different privileges. To reduce the possibility of lower-privilege applications communicating with higher-privilege ones, another new technology, User Interface Privilege Isolation, is used in conjunction with User Account Control to isolate these processes from each other. [3]
A privilege is applied for by either an executed program issuing a request for advanced privileges, or by running some program to apply for the additional privileges. An example of a user applying for additional privileges is provided by the sudo command to run a command as superuser ( root ) user, or by the Kerberos authentication system.
The name can still be modified to run as another user. The application only requires authentication once, and is requested at the time the application needs the privilege. Once "elevated", the application does not need to authenticate again until the application has been Quit and relaunched.
Mandatory Integrity Control is defined using a new access control entry (ACE) type to represent the object's IL in its security descriptor.In Windows, Access Control Lists (ACLs) are used to grant access rights (read, write, and execute permissions) and privileges to users or groups.
This poses a security risk that led to the development of UAC. Users can set a process to run with elevated privileges from standard accounts by setting the process to "run as administrator" or using the runas command and authenticating the prompt with credentials (username and password) of an administrator account. Much of the benefit of ...
It can use that privilege to open a running LocalSystem (akin to UNIX "root") process, such as winlogon.exe, and inject its own code, escalating its privilege to LocalSystem. Similarly, the SeTakeOwnership privilege, which allows taking ownership of files without explicit permission, can be used on the Registry to change the Administrator password.
The saved user ID is used when a program running with elevated privileges needs to do some unprivileged work temporarily; changing euid from a privileged value (typically 0) to some unprivileged value (anything other than the privileged value) causes the privileged value to be stored in suid.