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Although it is highly toxic, Zn(CN) 2 is a solid, making it safer to work with than gaseous hydrogen cyanide (HCN). [13] The Zn(CN) 2 reacts with the HCl to form the key HCN reactant and ZnCl 2 that serves as the Lewis-acid catalyst in-situ. An example of the Zn(CN) 2 method is the synthesis of mesitaldehyde from mesitylene. [14]
Bis(trimethylsilyl)amine is synthesized by treatment of trimethylsilyl chloride with ammonia: [3] 2 (CH 3) 3 SiCl + 3 NH 3 → [(CH 3) 3 Si] 2 NH + 2 NH 4 Cl. Ammonium nitrate together with triethylamine can be used instead. [4] This method is also useful for 15 N isotopic enrichment of HMDS.
is an alkaline solution of potassium permanganate; used in organic chemistry as a qualitative test for the presence of unsaturation, such as double bonds; N-Bromosuccinimide: used in radical substitution and electrophilic addition reactions in organic chemistry. Also acts as a mild oxidizer to oxidize benzylic or allylic alcohols.
The peroxyacid can be purified by washing the commercial material with a sodium hydroxide and potassium phosphate solution buffered at pH = 7.5. [ 2 ] [ 4 ] Peroxyacids are generally slightly less acidic than their carboxylic acid counterparts, so the acid impurity can be extracted if the pH is carefully controlled.
Acid–base extraction is a subclass of liquid–liquid extractions and involves the separation of chemical species from other acidic or basic compounds. [1] It is typically performed during the work-up step following a chemical synthesis to purify crude compounds [2] and results in the product being largely free of acidic or basic impurities.
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Cerium(III) chloride (CeCl 3), also known as cerous chloride or cerium trichloride, is a compound of cerium and chlorine.It is a white hygroscopic salt; it rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a hydrate, which appears to be of variable composition, [1] though the heptahydrate CeCl 3 ·7H 2 O is known.