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Edwin Klebs was the first to observe bacteria in the airways of persons having died of pneumonia in 1875. [154] Initial work identifying the two common bacterial causes, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae , was performed by Carl Friedländer [ 155 ] and Albert Fraenkel [ 156 ] in 1882 and 1884, respectively.
Pneumonia is a common respiratory infection, [2] affecting approximately 450 million people a year and occurring in all parts of the world. [3] It is a major cause of death among all age groups, resulting in 1.4 million deaths in 2010 (7% of the world's yearly total) and 3.0 million deaths in 2016 (the 4th leading cause of death in the world).
Plague of Sheroe (part of first plague pandemic) 627–628 Bilad al-Sham: Bubonic plague: 25,000+ Plague of Amwas (part of first plague pandemic) 638–639 Byzantine Empire, West Asia, Africa Bubonic plague: 25,000+ [45] Plague of 664 (part of first plague pandemic) 664–689 British Isles: Bubonic plague: Unknown [46]
It was discovered that the pneumococcus's capsule made it resistant to phagocytosis, and in the 1920s it was shown that an antibody specific for capsular polysaccharide aided the killing of S. pneumoniae. In 1936, a pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine was used to abort an epidemic of pneumococcal pneumonia.
Viral pneumonia is a pneumonia caused by a virus. Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation in one or both lungs. Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation in one or both lungs. The pulmonary alveoli fill with fluid or pus making it difficult to breathe. [ 1 ]
This is a timeline of influenza, briefly describing major events such as outbreaks, epidemics, pandemics, discoveries and developments of vaccines.In addition to specific year/period-related events, there is the seasonal flu that kills between 250,000 and 500,000 people every year and has claimed between 340 million and 1 billion human lives throughout history.
They discovered the growing — and lucrative — world of doing business with the government. With President Ronald Reagan in office, the 1980s marked one of the first major movements toward the privatization of government services. Outsourcing government functions to private companies was widely embraced as a means of seeking taxpayer relief.
M. pneumoniae is a human pathogen that causes the disease Mycoplasma pneumonia, a form of atypical bacterial pneumonia related to cold agglutinin disease. It is one of the smallest self-replicating organisms and its discovery traces back to 1898 when Nocard and Roux isolated a microorganism linked to cattle pneumonia.