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Competence is an attribute that is decision-specific. Depending on various factors which typically revolve around mental function integrity, an individual may or may not be competent to make a particular medical decision, a particular contractual agreement, to execute an effective deed to real property, or to execute a will having certain terms.
In terms of capacity, this means that they are no more than the sum of the natural persons who conduct the business. The other group of states allows partnerships to have a separate legal personality which changes the capacity of the "firm" and those who conduct its business and makes such partnerships more like corporations.
A competent authority is any person or organization that has the legally delegated or invested authority, capacity, or power to perform a designated function. Similarly, once an authority is delegated to perform a certain act, only the competent authority is entitled to take accounts therefrom and no one else.
United States [6] in which the Court affirmed a defendant's right to have a competency evaluation before proceeding to trial. Competence to stand trial was defined by the court as the defendant's ability to consult rationally with an attorney to aid in his own defense and to have a rational and factual understanding of the charges. [6]
In the common law tradition, testamentary capacity is the legal term of art used to describe a person's legal and mental ability to make or alter a valid will. This concept has also been called sound mind and memory or disposing mind and memory .
List of criminal competencies is a listing of the various types of competencies relevant to the defendant in criminal law in the United States.In the U.S. the law is permeated with competency issues since a state may not subject an individual who is "incompetent" to trial on criminal charges.
Case history; Prior: 271 F.2d 385 (8th Cir. 1959): Subsequent: 295 F.2d 743 (8th Cir. 1961): Holding; The competency standard for standing trial: whether the defendant has "sufficient present ability to consult with his lawyer with a reasonable degree of rational understanding" and a "rational as well as factual understanding of the proceedings against him."
In law, individual capacity is a term of art referring to one's status as a natural person, distinct from any other role. [1]For example, an officer, employee or agent of a corporation, acting "in their individual capacity" is acting as an individual, rather than as an agent of the corporation.