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The nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well as other planetary systems). It suggests the Solar System is formed from gas and dust orbiting the Sun which clumped up together to form the planets.
A major difficulty was that, in this supposition, turbulent dissipation took place over the course of a single millennium, which did not give enough time for planets to form. The nebular hypothesis was first proposed in 1734 by Swedish scientist Emanuel Swedenborg [6] and later expanded upon by Prussian philosopher Immanuel Kant in 1755.
Another question is why Mars came out so small compared with Earth. A study by Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, published June 6, 2011 (called the Grand tack hypothesis), proposes that Jupiter had migrated inward to 1.5 AU. After Saturn formed, migrated inward, and established the 2:3 mean motion resonance with Jupiter, the ...
This nebula was also observed by Johann Baptist Cysat in 1618. However, the first detailed study of the Orion Nebula was not performed until 1659 by Christiaan Huygens, who also believed he was the first person to discover this nebulosity. [11] In 1715, Edmond Halley published a list of six nebulae.
About 4.5 Ga, the nebula began a contraction that may have been triggered by the shock wave from a nearby supernova. [23] A shock wave would have also made the nebula rotate. As the cloud began to accelerate, its angular momentum, gravity, and inertia flattened it into a protoplanetary disk perpendicular to its axis of rotation.
The three forces of the Standard Model are still unified (assuming that nature is described by a Grand Unified Theory, gravity not included). Inflationary epoch Electroweak epoch < 10 −32 s: 10 28 K ~ 10 22 K (10 15 ~ 10 9 GeV) Cosmic inflation expands space by a factor of the order of 10 26 over a time of the order of 10 −36 to 10 −32 ...
Pluto likely acquired large moon Charon in a “kiss and capture” collision billions of years ago. It may have created a subsurface ocean on the icy dwarf planet.
The best available theory of planet formation is the nebular hypothesis, which posits that an interstellar cloud collapses out of a nebula to create a young protostar orbited by a protoplanetary disk. Planets grow in this disk by the gradual accumulation of material driven by gravity, a process called accretion.