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Aplastic anemia is a rare, noncancerous disorder in which the blood marrow is unable to adequately produce blood cells required for survival. [44] [45] It is estimated that the incidence of aplastic anemia is 0.7–4.1 cases per million people worldwide, with the prevalence between men and women being approximately equal. [46]
Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) or erythroblastopenia refers to a type of aplastic anemia affecting the precursors to red blood cells but usually not to white blood cells. In PRCA, the bone marrow ceases to produce red blood cells. There are multiple etiologies that can cause PRCA. The condition has been first described by Paul Kaznelson in 1922. [1]
Aplastic anemia, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, myelodysplasia, leukemia Agranulocytosis , also known as agranulosis or granulopenia , is an acute condition involving a severe and dangerous lowered white blood cell count ( leukopenia , most commonly of neutrophils ) and thus causing neutropenia in the circulating blood. [ 1 ]
With isolated reticulocytopenia, the main cause is Parvovirus B19 infection of reticulocytes leading to transient anemia. [2] In patients who rely on frequent red cell regeneration e.g. sickle cell disease, a reticulocytopenia can lead to a severe anemia due to the cessation in red cell production (erythropoiesis), referred to as aplastic ...
This is a life-threatening disorder that is a characteristic of aplastic anemia. [3] There are also two general causes of cytopenia: autoimmune and refractory. Autoimmune cytopenia is caused by an autoimmune disease when your body produces antibodies to destroy the healthy blood cells.
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia; Secondary to artificial heart valve(s) Aplastic anemia. Fanconi anemia; Diamond–Blackfan anemia (inherited pure red cell aplasia) Acquired pure red cell aplasia; Decreased numbers of cells. Myelodysplastic syndrome; Myelofibrosis; Neutropenia (decrease in the number of neutrophils) Agranulocytosis; Glanzmann ...
It is characterized by anemia and reticulocytopenia and can be chronic or acute. [3] Diamond–Blackfan anemia is a type of PRCA that occurs at birth. PRCA can be acquired as a primary disorder or as a result of another disorder. [4] Immunosuppressive drugs, particularly corticosteroids, will usually result in a temporary or permanent remission.
It is mainly used to differentiate an anemia of mixed causes from an anemia of a single cause. Deficiencies of Vitamin B 12 or folate produce a macrocytic anemia (large cell anemia) in which the RDW is elevated in roughly two-thirds of all cases. However, a varied size distribution of red blood cells is a hallmark of iron deficiency anemia, and ...