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Dyslexia, previously known as word blindness, is a learning disability that affects either reading or writing. [ 1 ] [ 6 ] Different people are affected to different degrees. [ 3 ] Problems may include difficulties in spelling words, reading quickly, writing words , "sounding out" words in the head , pronouncing words when reading aloud and ...
Adolph Kussmaul. The concept of "word-blindness" (German: "wortblindheit"), as an isolated condition, was first developed by the German physician Adolph Kussmaul in 1877.[1] [2] Identified by Oswald Berkhan in 1881, [3] the term 'dyslexia' was later coined in 1887 by Rudolf Berlin, [4] an ophthalmologist practicing in Stuttgart, Germany. [5]
In 1960, 50 percent of legally blind school-age children in the United States were able to read braille. [2] [3] There are numerous causes for the decline in braille usage, including school budget constraints, technology advancement, and different philosophical views over how blind children should be educated.
A reading disability can affect any part of the reading process, including difficulty with accurate or fluent word recognition, or both, word decoding, reading rate, prosody (oral reading with expression), and reading comprehension. Before the term "dyslexia" came to prominence, this learning disability used to be known as "word blindness."
IDEA was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) from 1975 to 1990. In 1990, the United States Congress reauthorized EHA and changed the title to IDEA. [1] Overall, the goal of IDEA is to provide children with disabilities the same opportunity for education as those students who do not have a disability.
The early 20th century saw a handful of blind students enrolled in their neighborhood schools, with special educational supports. Most still attended residential institutions, but that number dropped steadily as the years wore on - especially after the white cane was adopted into common use as a mobility tool and symbol of blindness in the 1930s.
The Road House star, 43, recently spoke to The Hollywood Reporter about how he's used his legal blindness in his acting. Gyllenhaal has been wearing intensive corrective lenses since he was about ...
In North America and most of Europe, legal blindness is defined as visual acuity (vision) of 20/200 (6/60) or less in the better eye with best correction possible. This means that a legally blind individual would have to stand 20 feet (6.1 m) from an object to see it – with corrective lenses – with the same degree of clarity as a normally ...