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The size of an interval between two notes may be measured by the ratio of their frequencies.When a musical instrument is tuned using a just intonation tuning system, the size of the main intervals can be expressed by small-integer ratios, such as 1:1 (), 2:1 (), 5:3 (major sixth), 3:2 (perfect fifth), 4:3 (perfect fourth), 5:4 (major third), 6:5 (minor third).
The process is similar to twelve-tone ear training, but with many more intervals to distinguish. Aspects of microtonal ear training are covered in Harmonic Experience, by W. A. Mathieu, with sight-singing exercises, such as singing over a drone, to learn to recognize just intonation intervals. There are also software projects underway or ...
Some music teachers teach their students relative pitch by having them associate each possible interval with the first interval of a popular song. [1] Such songs are known as "reference songs". [ 2 ] However, others have shown that such familiar-melody associations are quite limited in scope, applicable only to the specific scale-degrees found ...
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For example, for every generic interval of a second there are only two possible specific intervals: 1 semitone (a minor second) or 2 semitones (a major second). In diatonic set theory a generic interval is the number of scale steps between notes of a collection or scale. The largest generic interval is one less than the number of scale members ...
In other words, it is the interval between two consecutive scale degrees. Any larger interval is called a skip (also called a leap), or disjunct motion. [1] In the diatonic scale, a step is either a minor second (sometimes also called half step) or a major second (sometimes also called whole step), with all intervals of a minor third or larger ...
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In modern Western tonal music theory, a diminished second is the interval produced by narrowing a minor second by one chromatic semitone. [1] In twelve-tone equal temperament, it is enharmonically equivalent to a perfect unison; [3] therefore, it is the interval between notes on two adjacent staff positions, or having adjacent note letters, altered in such a way that they have no pitch ...