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An infantile hemangioma (IH), sometimes called a strawberry mark due to appearance, is a type of benign vascular tumor or anomaly that affects babies. [1] [2] Other names include capillary hemangioma, [6] "strawberry hemangioma", [7]: 593 strawberry birthmark [8] and strawberry nevus. [6] and formerly known as a cavernous hemangioma.
A hemangioma or haemangioma is a usually benign vascular tumor derived from blood vessel cell types. The most common form, seen in infants, is an infantile hemangioma, known colloquially as a "strawberry mark", most commonly presenting on the skin at birth or in the first weeks of life.
The study followed 8 infants with infantile hepatic hemangiomas under three classifications: focal, multifocal, or diffuse. 4 infants had multifocal hepatic injuries (4 to 20 injuries) and 4 infants had diffuse injuries (more than 20 injuries).The diffuse IHH are life-threatening because they can induce heart failure.
Benign neonatal hemangiomatosis is a rare skin condition that presents in infancy with multiple benign tumors called infantile hemangiomas, but without hemangiomas in other organs. [ 1 ] See also
Congenital hemangiomas are present and fully formed at birth, [5] and only account for 2% of the hemangiomas. They do not have the postnatal phase of proliferation common to infantile hemangiomas. [6] There are two main variants of congenital hemangioma: non-involuting, and rapidly involuting (beginning in the first year of life). [6]
Infantile hemangioma is the most common vascular tumor. It is a benign tumor, which occurs in 4-5% of Caucasian infants, but rarely in dark skinned infants. [6] It occurs in 20% of low weight premature infants and 2.2 to 4.5 times more frequently in females. [7]
Kasabach–Merritt syndrome (KMS), also known as hemangioma with thrombocytopenia, [1] is a rare disease, usually of infants, in which a vascular tumor leads to decreased platelet counts and sometimes other bleeding problems, [2] which can be life-threatening. [3] It is also known as hemangioma thrombocytopenia syndrome.
Like juvenile hemangiomas, infantile hemangiopericytomas only appear in the subcutis and affect newborns throughout their first year of life. They are characterized by being multilobulated and frequently having separate perivascular and intravascular satellite nodules outside of the main tumor mass. [2]