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Citalopram, sold under the brand name Celexa among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. [ 7 ] [ 10 ] It is used to treat major depressive disorder , obsessive compulsive disorder , panic disorder , and social phobia . [ 7 ]
Serotonin. A serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) is a type of drug which acts as a reuptake inhibitor of the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) by blocking the action of the serotonin transporter (SERT).
This is a complete list of clinically approved prescription antidepressants throughout the world, as well as clinically approved prescription drugs used to augment antidepressants or mood stabilizers, by pharmacological and/or structural classification.
Celexa – an antidepressant of the SSRI class; Centrax – an anti-anxiety agent; Clozaril – atypical antipsychotic used to treat resistant schizophrenia; Concerta (methylphenidate) – an extended release form of methylphenidate
Escitalopram and citalopram are used off-label with acceptable efficacy, while fluoxetine is not considered to be effective for this disorder. [22] The effect sizes of SSRIs in terms of improvement on the Liebowitz social anxiety scale in individual published trials of the drugs for social anxiety disorder have ranged from –0.029 to 1.214.
Andersen et al. were able to generate a model of the (S)-citalopram binding site in human SERT by combining mutational analysis and comparative modeling where they found out that Asn-177 and Phe-341 where key determinants for (S)-citalopram potency and high affinity inhibition [47] in addition to Tyr-95, Asp-98, Ile-172 and Ser438 previously ...
Fluvoxamine, escitalopram, and citalopram were not well-tested for this disorder. MAOIs , while some of them may be helpful, are not used much because of their unwanted side effects. This leaves paroxetine and sertraline as acceptable treatment options for some people, although more effective antidepressants are needed.
Evidence of the allosteric action of escitalopram on the serotonin transported is based on the observation that the R isomer of citalopram can decrease the potency and inhibit the effects of the S isomer, probably through an allosteric interaction between two distinct, non-overlapping binding sites for the two different isomers on the serotonin transporter.