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  2. Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendleton_Civil_Service...

    The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act is a United States federal law passed by the 47th United States Congress and signed into law by President Chester A. Arthur on January 16, 1883. The act mandates that most positions within the federal government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political patronage.

  3. Civil service reform in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_service_reform_in...

    The Civil Service Reform Act (called "the Pendleton Act") is an 1883 federal law that created the United States Civil Service Commission. [13] It eventually placed most federal employees on the merit system and marked the end of the so-called "spoils system". [13]

  4. United States Civil Service Commission - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Civil...

    The Pendleton law was passed in part following a public outcry over the assassination of President Garfield. The Pendleton Act renewed funding for the Civil Service Commission and established a three-man commission to run Civil Service whose commissioners were chosen by President Arthur.

  5. Assassination of James A. Garfield - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_James_A...

    Garfield's assassination was instrumental to the passage of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act on January 16, 1883. Garfield himself had called for civil service reform in his inaugural address [85] and supported it as president in the belief that it would make government more efficient. [86]

  6. United States federal civil service - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_federal...

    In the early 19th century, positions in the federal government were held at the pleasure of the president—a person could be fired at any time. The spoils system meant that jobs were used to support the American political parties, though this was gradually changed by the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883 and subsequent laws. By 1909 ...

  7. Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Service_Reform_Act...

    The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 (CSRA) reformed the civil service of the United States federal government, partly in response to the Watergate scandal (1972-74). The Act abolished the U.S. Civil Service Commission and distributed its functions primarily among three new agencies: the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB), and the Federal Labor ...

  8. Chester A. Arthur - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur

    He also enforced the Immigration Act of 1882 to impose more restrictions on immigrants and the Tariff of 1883 to attempt to reduce tariffs. Arthur signed into law the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883, which came as a surprise to reformers who held a negative reputation of Arthur as a Stalwart and product of Conkling's organization.

  9. Presidency of Chester A. Arthur - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Chester_A...

    Even after Arthur signed the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act into law, proponents of the act doubted Arthur's commitment to reform. The act initially applied only to ten percent of federal jobs and, without proper implementation by the president, would not have affected the remaining civil service positions. [38]