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Phomopsis cane and leaf spot is a disease that causes symptoms in the common grapevine species, Vitis vinifera, in many regions of the world. [2] This disease is mainly caused by the fungal pathogen, Phomopsis viticola, and is known to affect many cultivars of table grapes, such as Thompson Seedless, Red Globe, and Flame Seedless. [3]
The disease cycle begins with the overwintering structures. The grape black rot pathogen overwinters in many parts of the grape vine, especially mummies and lesions, and is able to overwinter on the vineyard floor. [3] In fact, "Viable lesions capable of producing conidia can persist in wood for at least 2 years."
A cartoon from Punch from 1890: The phylloxera, a true gourmet, finds out the best vineyards and attaches itself to the best wines. Punch magazine, 6 Sep. 1890. This is a list of diseases of grapes (Vitis spp.).
Bordeaux mixture (also called Bordo Mix) is a mixture of copper(II) sulphate (CuSO 4) and quicklime (Ca O) used as a fungicide. It is used in vineyards, fruit-farms, vegetable-farms and gardens to prevent infestations of downy mildew, powdery mildew and other fungi. It is sprayed on plants as a preventive treatment; its mode of action is ...
Vinclozolin (trade names Ronilan, Curalan, Vorlan, Touche) is a common dicarboximide fungicide used to control diseases, such as blights, rots and molds in vineyards, and on fruits and vegetables such as raspberries, lettuce, kiwi, snap beans, and onions.
In the eastern vineyards this disease is estimated to infect 30% of grapes while in California it can infect up to half. [83] This can reduce yields by 40–60%. [ 15 ] [ 84 ] Much like black rot, bunch rot overwinters in the berries and infects the next season's crop through spore ejections in the summer. [ 85 ]
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The disease spreads in environments with high humidity and favors temperatures between 20-22 °C. Tufts of grayish to pale-colored sporangiophores on the underside of leaves easily distinguish the infection from other foliar diseases. [17] The disease is often controlled using the fungicides mancozeb, maneb, or zineb. [16]