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Field corn, also known as cow corn, is a North American term for maize (Zea mays) grown for livestock fodder (silage and meal), ethanol, cereal, and processed food products. The principal field corn varieties are dent corn , flint corn , flour corn (also known as soft corn) which includes blue corn ( Zea mays amylacea ), [ 1 ] and waxy corn .
Corn (maize), wheat, and rice account for 87% of all grain production worldwide. [6] [7] [8] Just over half of the world's crops are used to feed humans (55 percent), with 36 percent grown as animal feed and 9 percent for biofuels. [9] Fungi and bacteria are also used in the preparation of fermented foods like bread, wine, cheese and yogurt. [10]
Sugar-rich varieties called sweet corn are grown for human consumption, while field corn varieties are used for animal feed, for uses such as cornmeal or masa, corn starch, corn syrup, pressing into corn oil, alcoholic beverages like bourbon whiskey, and as chemical feedstocks including ethanol and other biofuels.
The use of agricultural land to grow feed rather than human food can be controversial (see food vs. feed); some types of feed, such as corn , can also serve as human food; those that cannot, such as grassland grass, may be grown on land that can be used for crops consumed by humans. In many cases the production of grass for cattle fodder is a ...
The food vs. feed competition is the competition for resources, such as land, between growing crops for human consumption and growing crops for animals. [1] [2]In many countries, livestock graze from the land which mostly cannot be used for growing human-edible crops, as seen by the fact that there is three times as much agricultural land [3] as arable land.
An edible seed [n 1] is a seed that is suitable for human or animal consumption. Of the six major plant parts, [ n 2 ] seeds are the dominant source of human calories and protein . [ 1 ] A wide variety of plant species provide edible seeds; most are angiosperms , while a few are gymnosperms .
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A staple food of people in the Americas, Africa, and of livestock worldwide; often called corn in North America, Australia, and New Zealand. A large portion of maize crops are grown for purposes other than human consumption. [92] Rice [b] Production is in milled terms. 285 397 599 697 755 The primary cereal of tropical and some temperate regions.