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This class is often translated as "knight"; the medieval knight, however, was called miles in Latin (which in classical Latin meant "soldier", normally infantry). [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] In the later Roman Empire, the classical Latin word for horse, equus , was replaced in common parlance by the vulgar Latin caballus , sometimes thought to derive ...
The Knights of the Crown: the Monarchical Orders of Knighthood in Later Medieval Europe, 1325-1520. 2d revised ed. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press, 2000. Keen, Maurice; Chivalry, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984, ISBN 0-300-03150-5; Robards, Brooks; The Medieval Knight at War, UK: Tiger Books, 1997, ISBN 1-85501-919-1
In the Early Medieval period, any well-equipped horseman could be described as a "knight", or in Latin, miles. [5] In the course of the 12th century knighthood became a social rank with a distinction being made between milites gregarii (non-noble cavalrymen) and milites nobiles (true knights). [ 6 ]
The earliest recorded instance of the word paladin in the English language dates to 1592, in Delia (Sonnet XLVI) by Samuel Daniel. [1] It entered English through the Middle French word paladin, which itself derived from the Latin palatinus, ultimately from the name of Palatine Hill — also translated as 'of the palace' in the Frankish title of Mayor of the Palace. [1]
A military order (Latin: militaris ordo) is a Christian religious society of knights. The original military orders were the Knights Templar, the Knights Hospitaller, the Order of the Holy Sepulchre, the Order of Saint James, the Order of Calatrava, and the Teutonic Knights.
Medieval Latin was the form of Literary Latin used in Roman Catholic Western Europe during the Middle Ages.It was also the administrative language in the former Roman Provinces of Mauretania, Numidia and Africa Proconsularis under the Vandals, the Byzantines and the Romano-Berber Kingdoms, until it declined after the Arab Conquest.
The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon (Latin: Pauperes commilitones Christi Templique Salomonici and French: Pauvres Chevaliers du Christ et du Temple de Salomon) are also known as the Order of Solomon's Temple, and mainly the Knights Templar (French: Les Chevaliers Templiers), or simply the Templars (French: Les Templiers).
The majority of the primary sources of information for his life are presented in medieval Latin, French or Italian. Latin sources call him Hugo de Paganis. [6] Some of his earliest purported appearances in documents are under the part-Latin, part-French name Hugo de Peans (1120–1125; details below), or in Italian as Ugo de' Pagani or Ugo dei Pagani.