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The Preamble of the Constitution of India – India declaring itself as a country. The Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties are sections of the Constitution of India that prescribe the fundamental obligations of the states to its citizens and the duties and the rights of the citizens to the State. These sections are considered vital elements of the ...
Article 35 of the Indian Constitution is a provision that gives the Parliament the exclusive power to make laws on certain matters related to the fundamental rights, such as the reservation of public employment, the application of fundamental rights to the armed forces, the restriction of fundamental rights during martial law, and the ...
Three Judges Cases: 1981 S.P. Gupta v. Union of India [37] Established the Collegium system of the Indian Judicial System. 1993 Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association v. Union of India [38] Struck down the 99th Amendment of the Constitution of India and the proposal of the National Judicial Appointments Commission. 1998 In re Special ...
S. Vinodkumar v. Union of India 1996 6 SCC 580: It is not permissible to relax standards of evaluation in matters of reservation in promotion By the Constitution (82nd) Amendment Act a proviso was inserted at the end of Art 335. M. Nagraj & Others v. Union of India and Others (AIR 2007 SC 71) held the amendments constitutional. Suraj Bhan Meena v.
Judicial review was adopted by the constitution of India from judicial review in the United States. [71] In the Indian constitution, judicial review is dealt with in Article 13. The constitution is the supreme power of the nation, and governs all laws. According to Article 13:
Fundamental Rights cannot be abridged or taken away by the amending procedure in Art. 368 of the Constitution. An amendment to the Constitution is 'law' within the meaning of Art. 13(2) and is therefore subject to Part III of the Constitution. Decision by: K. Subba Rao (Chief Justice) with J.C. Shah, S.M. Sikri, J.M. Shelat, C.A. Vaidiyalingam
The Court said that although the right to education had not been guaranteed as a fundamental right under Part III of the Constitution, Articles 21 (in Part III of the Constitution of India), Article 38, 39(a), (f), 41 and 45 (in Part IV of the Constitution of India) together clear showed that the framers of the Constitution had made it ...
'Kerala land reform acts' and amendments to these act placed under Schedule 9 of the constitution. 30th: Amend article 133. [36] 9 June 1972 Change the basis for appeals in Supreme Court of India in case of Civil Suits from value criteria to one involving substantial question of law. 31st: Amend articles 81, 330 and 332. [37] 17 October 1973