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Collective memory has been conceptualized in several ways and proposed to have certain attributes. For instance, collective memory can refer to a shared body of knowledge (e.g., memory of a nation's past leaders or presidents); [6] [7] [8] the image, narrative, values and ideas of a social group; or the continuous process by which collective memories of events change.
Cultural memory is a form of collective memory shared by a group of people who share a culture. [1] The theory posits that memory is not just an individual, private experience but also part of the collective domain, which both shapes the future and our understanding of the past.
Commemoration offers collective memory ties to society and its conceptions where physical monuments and rituals fix and affirm collectivity. [2] Halbwachs Collective Memory includes two laws governing how this form of memory will evolve: a Law of Fragmentation, and a Law of Concentration. [11]
National memory is a form of collective memory defined by shared experiences and culture. It is an integral part to national identity . It represents one specific form of cultural memory , which makes an essential contribution to national group cohesion .
A lieu de mémoire (French for "site of memory" or memory space) is a physical place or object which acts as container of memory. [1] They are thus a form of memorialisation related to collective memory, stating that certain places, objects or events can have special significance related to group's remembrance. [2]
In psychology, genetic memory is a theorized phenomenon in which certain kinds of memories could be inherited, being present at birth in the absence of any associated sensory experience, and that such memories could be incorporated into the genome over long spans of time.
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Politics of memory is the organisation of collective memory by political agents; the political means by which events are remembered and recorded, or discarded. Eventually, politics of memory may determine the way history is written and passed on, hence the terms history politics or politics of history .