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Laryngeal cancer may spread by: direct extension to adjacent structures, metastasis to regional cervical lymph nodes, or via the blood stream. The most common site of distant metastases is the lung. Laryngeal cancer occurred in 177,000 people in 2018, and resulted in 94,800 deaths (an increase from 76,000 deaths in 1990).
Laryngeal cancer is strongly associated with tobacco smoking. [citation needed] Surgery can include laser excision of small vocal cord lesions, partial laryngectomy (removal of part of the larynx), or total laryngectomy (removal of the whole larynx). If the whole larynx has been removed, the person is left with a permanent tracheostomy.
Laryngectomy is the removal of the larynx. In a total laryngectomy, the entire larynx is removed (including the vocal folds, hyoid bone, epiglottis, thyroid and cricoid cartilage and a few tracheal cartilage rings) with the separation of the airway from the mouth, nose and esophagus. [1] In a partial laryngectomy, only a portion of the larynx ...
Transoral laser microsurgery allows surgeons to remove tumors from the voice box with no external incisions and is especially applied to HPV-mediated oropharynx malignancy (tonsils, base of tongue). It also allows access to tumors that are not reachable with robotic surgery and is significantly conserving of normal tissue.
Life support comprises the treatments and techniques performed in an emergency in order to support life after the failure of one or more vital organs. Healthcare providers and emergency medical technicians are generally certified to perform basic and advanced life support procedures; however, basic life support is sometimes provided at the scene of an emergency by family members or bystanders ...
The use of an electrolarynx can cause social issues, for instance difficulty ordering food, drinks, or other items in noisy environments; [6] or, when answering a telephone, having the caller respond, "Am I talking to a computer?" [5] However, quality-of-life improvements due to electrolarynx usage are generally significant. One user states:
Metastasis is the most common cause of brain cancer, as primary tumors that originate in the brain are less common. [4] The most common sites of primary cancer which metastasize to the brain are lung, breast, colon, kidney, and skin cancer. Brain metastases can occur months or even years after the original or primary cancer is treated.
Hemispherectomy is a surgery that is performed by a neurosurgeon where an unhealthy hemisphere of the brain is disconnected or removed. There are two types of hemispherectomy. Functional hemispherectomy refers to when the diseased brain is simply disconnected so that it can no longer send signals to the rest of the brain and body.