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The staggered truss structural system consists of story-high steel trusses placed on alternating column lines on each floor so that the long axis of one truss is always between the trusses on the floor below. [4] The system staggers trusses on a 12’ module, meaning that on any given floor the trusses were 24’ apart. [2]
Originally conceived as a two story building, six vertical columns held the two concrete, steel reinforced floors in space. This allowed for exterior walls that accommodate to the aesthetic and compositional features of the building. This also created a free floor plan, moving from the previous ideology of load bearing walls.
A floor plan is not a top view or bird's-eye view; it is a measured drawing to scale of the layout of a floor in a building. A top view or bird's-eye view does not show an orthogonally projected plane cut at the typical four foot height above the floor level. A floor plan may show any of the following elements: [3] interior walls and hallways ...
The cross-section is slightly more than a semi-circle so that the bottom of the hut curves inwards slightly. The exterior is formed from curved corrugated steel sheets 10 feet 6 inches by 2 feet 2 inches (3.2 × 0.7 m), laid with a two-corrugation lap at the side and a 6-inch (15 cm) overlap at the ends. Three sheets cover the arc of the hut.
The structural steel was pre-ordered and pre-fabricated in anticipation of a revision to the city's building code that would have allowed the Empire State Building's structural steel to carry 18,000 pounds per square inch (120,000 kPa), up from 16,000 pounds per square inch (110,000 kPa), thus reducing the amount of steel needed for the building.
The framed-tube concept, earlier introduced by Bangladeshi-American structural engineer Fazlur Rahman Khan, [96] was a major innovation, allowing open floor plans and more space to rent. The tube-frame design required 40 percent less structural steel than conventional building designs. [97]
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