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Like many other medical conditions, obesity is the result of an interplay between environmental and genetic factors. [2] [3] Studies have identified variants in several genes that may contribute to weight gain and body fat distribution, although only in a few cases are genes the primary cause of obesity.
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein, also known as alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FTO gene located on chromosome 16. As one homolog in the AlkB family proteins, it is the first messenger RNA (mRNA) demethylase that has been identified. [ 5 ]
This represents the size of a composite genome based on data from multiple individuals but it is a good indication of the typical amount of DNA in a haploid set of chromosomes because the Y chromosome is quite small. [7] Most human cells are diploid so they contain twice as much DNA (~6.2 billion base pairs).
Since Y chromosomes can only be found in males, Y linked traits are only passed on from father to son. The testis determining factor, which is located on the Y chromosome, determines the maleness of individuals. Besides the maleness inherited in the Y-chromosome there are no other found Y-linked characteristics.
Based on the immune system cells involved, both innate and adaptive immunity are involved in meta-inflammation. [8] There are different types of obesity depending on where fat cells are stored. Abdominal obesity, excess fat cell accumulation in adipose tissue of the abdomen, is associated more strongly with meta-inflammation. [9]
dramatic increase in obesity. In 1991, only four states had obesity prevalence rates as high as 15-19% and not a single state had a rate above 20%. By 2005, only four states reported rates below 20%, with 17 states registering rates equal to or above 25% (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006).
Obesity BMI. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute defines obesity as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more. BMI is a measurement of body fat based on a person’s height and weight. An ...
First-round players to watch, keys to the game. For the first time ever, there will be College Football Playoff games on campuses. Notre Dame-Indiana will get things started on Friday night before ...