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As described above, medications used to treat narcolepsy primarily target EDS and/or cataplexy. Internationally, there are differences in the availability of medications as well as guidelines for treatment. The alerting agents are medications typically used to improve wakefulness and include modafinil, armodafinil, pitolisant and solriamfetol.
Treatment for narcolepsy and cataplexy can be divided to those that act on the excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and those that improve cataplexy. Most patients require lifelong use of medications. [15] Most treatments in humans will act only symptomatically and do not target the loss of the orexin-producing neurons. [16]
In the study, the therapy AXS-12 reduced cataplexy attacks by 83% versus 56% for a placebo in a study with 90 patients of narcolepsy with cataplexy, meeting the trial goal.
A large percentage of people with narcolepsy have cataplexy as well, which along with excessive sleepiness disrupts a person’s ability to socialize, work at a job, drive a car or even have close ...
Sodium oxybate, sold under the brand name Xyrem among others, is a medication used to treat symptoms of narcolepsy: sudden muscle weakness and excessive daytime sleepiness. [3] [7] [8] It is used sometimes in France and Italy as an anesthetic given intravenously; [9]: 15, 27–28 it is also approved and used in Italy and in Austria to treat alcohol dependence and alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Pitolisant is indicated in adults for the treatment of narcolepsy. [3] [4] Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder that causes overwhelming daytime drowsiness. [4] Pitolisant is also indicated to improve alertness and reduce excessive daytime sleepiness in adults with obstructive sleep apnea. [5] [12]
Pediatric narcolepsy cases are cases when patients are diagnosed or experience symptoms onset for narcolepsy before the age of 18. Of patients who obtain a formal diagnosis for narcolepsy, more than 50% report first experiencing symptoms of narcolepsy more than 10 years before their formal diagnosis, with an average age of symptom onset being at age 15 and symptom onset most likely to occur ...
Usually, people with this disorder have ataxia, mild–moderate sensorineural hearing loss, narcolepsy, and cataplexy. These symptoms start happening when an affected person is about 30 years old. [6] [7] A bit later in life, people with ADCADN start showing a decline in executive function known as dementia.
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