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  2. Erythropoietin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythropoietin

    Erythropoietin (/ ɪ ˌ r ɪ θ r oʊ ˈ p ɔɪ. ɪ t ɪ n,-r ə-,-p ɔɪ ˈ ɛ t ɪ n,-ˈ iː t ɪ n /; [1] [2] [3] EPO), also known as erythropoetin, haematopoietin, or haemopoietin, is a glycoprotein cytokine secreted mainly by the kidneys in response to cellular hypoxia; it stimulates red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) in the bone marrow.

  3. Erythropoiesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythropoiesis

    Loss of function of the erythropoietin receptor or JAK2 in mice cells causes failure in erythropoiesis, so production of red blood cells in embryos and growth is disrupted. If there is no systemic feedback inhibition, for example, the diminishment or absence of suppressors of cytokine signaling proteins, giantism may result as shown in mice models.

  4. Renal physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology

    The kidneys secrete a variety of hormones, including erythropoietin, calcitriol, and renin. Erythropoietin is released in response to hypoxia (low levels of oxygen at tissue level) in the renal circulation. It stimulates erythropoiesis (production of red blood cells) in the bone marrow.

  5. Mammalian kidney - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalian_kidney

    The juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys produce renin, which is a key regulator of the renin–angiotensin system, which is responsible for blood pressure regulation. [ 32 ] The production of erythropoietin by the kidneys is responsible for the differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow into erythrocytes and is induced by ...

  6. Urinary system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_system

    The main functions of the urinary system and its components are to: Regulate blood volume and composition (e.g. sodium, potassium and calcium) Regulate blood pressure. Regulate pH homeostasis of the blood. Contributes to the production of red blood cells by the kidney. Helps synthesize calcitriol (the active form of Vitamin D).

  7. Hemopoietic growth factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemopoietic_growth_factor

    Erythropoietin is a sialoglycoprotein hormone produced by peritubular cells of kidney. Granulocyte -macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte CSF are given to stimulate white blood cell formation in cancer patients who are receiving chemotherapy , which tends to kill their red bone marrow cells as well as the cancer cells.

  8. 13 sneaky signs your testosterone is too low

    www.aol.com/13-sneaky-signs-testosterone-too...

    Fat cells produce an enzyme called aromatase, which converts testosterone to estrogen— and an imbalance in your testosterone and estrogen levels can increase body fat. High aromatase and ...

  9. Extraglomerular mesangial cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraglomerular_mesangial_cell

    The specific function of extraglomerular mesangial cells is not well understood, although it has been associated with the secretion of erythropoietin and secretion of renin. [3] They are distinguished from intraglomerular mesangial cells, which are situated between the basement membrane and the epithelial cells within the glomerulus.