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Computer cooling is required to remove the waste heat produced by computer components, to keep components within permissible operating temperature limits. Components that are susceptible to temporary malfunction or permanent failure if overheated include integrated circuits such as central processing units (CPUs), chipsets , graphics cards ...
Thermal Design Power (TDP), also known as thermal design point, is the maximum amount of heat that a computer component (like a CPU, GPU or system on a chip) can generate and that its cooling system is designed to dissipate during normal operation. Some sources state that the peak power rating for a microprocessor is usually 1.5 times the TDP ...
typical thermal power, which is measured under normal load (for instance, AMD's average CPU power) maximum thermal power , which is measured under a worst-case load For example, the Pentium 4 2.8 GHz has a 68.4 W typical thermal power and 85 W maximum thermal power.
A gaming computer, also known as a gaming PC, is a specialized personal computer designed for playing PC games at high standards. They typically differ from mainstream personal computers by using high-performance graphics cards , a high core-count CPU with higher raw performance and higher-performance RAM .
A small blower fan is used to direct air across a laptop computer's CPU cooler. A case fan may be mounted on a radiator attached to the case, simultaneously operating to cool a liquid cooling device's working fluid and to ventilate the case. In laptops, a single blower fan often cools a heat sink connected to both CPU and GPU using heat pipes.
SpeedFan is a system monitor for Microsoft Windows that can read temperatures, voltages and fan speeds of computer components. [3] It can change computer fan speeds depending on the temperature of various components. [1] [4] The program can display system variables as charts and as an indicator in the system tray.
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Another method, popular with PC hardware enthusiasts, is the manual fan speed controller. They can be mounted in an expansion slot or a 5.25" or 3.5" drive bay or come built into a computer's case. Using switches or knobs, attached fans can have their speeds adjusted by one of the above methods.