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NTC thermistors are widely used as inrush-current limiters and temperature sensors, while PTC thermistors are used as self-resetting overcurrent protectors and self-regulating heating elements. An operational temperature range of a thermistor is dependent on the probe type and is typically between −100 and 300 °C (−148 and 572 °F).
Since PTC heating elements are a kind of thermistor, they share the same principles of operation. The details depend on the type of material, but a class of materials widely used are crystalline ceramics. During manufacture, dopants are added to give the material semiconductor properties. These materials have somewhat negative temperature ...
Another type of thermal switch is a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) thermistor; these thermistors have a "cutting off" temperature at which the resistance suddenly rises rapidly, limiting the current through the circuit. When used in conjunction with a thermistor relay, the PTC will switch off an electrical system at a desired temperature.
They are similar in function to PTC thermistors in certain situations but operate on mechanical changes instead of charge carrier effects in semiconductors. These devices were first discovered and described by Gerald Pearson at Bell Labs in 1939 and described in US patent #2,258,958.
Unlike linear resistance heating or NTC materials, PTC materials are inherently self-limiting. On the other hand, NTC material may also be inherently self-limiting if constant current power source is used. Some materials even have exponentially increasing temperature coefficient. Example of such a material is PTC rubber.
However, thermistors have a smaller temperature range and stability. ... PTC Typ: 201 NTC Typ: 101 NTC Typ: 102 NTC Typ: 103 NTC Typ: 104 NTC Typ: 105 −50 79.901192
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A ceramic heater as a consumer product is a space heater that generates heat using a heating element of ceramic with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC). [1] [2] [failed verification] Ceramic heaters are usually portable and typically used for heating a room or small office, and are of similar utility to metal-element fan heaters.