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2. Near-infrared window in biological tissue - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-infrared_window_in...

   Although water is nearly transparent in the range of visible light, it becomes absorbing over the near-infrared region. Water is a critical component since its concentration is high in human tissue. The absorption spectrum of water in the range from 250 to 1000 nm is shown in Figure 2.

3. Photoplethysmogram - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoplethysmogram

   A photoplethysmogram (PPG) is an optically obtained plethysmogram that can be used to detect blood volume changes in the microvascular bed of tissue. [1] [2] A PPG is often obtained by using a pulse oximeter which illuminates the skin and measures changes in light absorption. [3]

4. Near-infrared spectroscopy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-infrared_spectroscopy

   The type of detector used depends primarily on the range of wavelengths to be measured. Silicon-based CCDs are suitable for the shorter end of the NIR range, but are not sufficiently sensitive over most of the range (over 1000 nm). InGaAs and PbS devices are more suitable and have higher quantum efficiency for wavelengths above 1100 nm. It is ...

5. List of laser types - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_laser_types

   Free-electron laser: A broad wavelength range (0.1 nm - several mm); a single FEL may be tunable over a wavelength range Relativistic electron beam: Atmospheric research, material science, medical applications. CO₂ gas dynamic laser: Several lines around 10.5 μm; other frequencies may be possible with different gas mixtures

6. Photoacoustic flow cytometry - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoacoustic_flow_cytometry

   The pressure wave created is in the form of an ultrasound wave. The wave propagates through the material and is detected by an ultrasound transducer. The pressure is sensed via piezoelectric crystals which converts the pressure into a voltage change, i.e. , the amplitude of the signal is proportional to the value of the pressure at any given ...

7. Low-level laser therapy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-level_laser_therapy

   The usefulness of red laser, laser acupuncture, and reflexology in the treatment of RA patients is not well enough demonstrated. [57] A 2019 systematic review and meta-analysis found evidence for pain reduction in osteoarthritis. [14] While it does not appear to improve pain in temporomandibular disorders, it may improve function. [58]

8. Far-infrared laser - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far-infrared_laser

   Far-infrared laser or terahertz laser (FIR laser, THz laser) is a laser with output wavelength in between 30 and 1000 μm (frequency 0.3-10 THz), in the far infrared or terahertz frequency band of the electromagnetic spectrum. FIR lasers have application in terahertz spectroscopy, terahertz imaging as well in fusion plasma physics diagnostics.

9. Infrared spectroscopy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared_spectroscopy

   It can be used in determining the blood alcohol content of a suspected drunk driver. IR spectroscopy has been used in identification of pigments in paintings [2] and other art objects [3] such as illuminated manuscripts. [4] Infrared spectroscopy is also useful in measuring the degree of polymerization in polymer manufacture. Changes in the ...