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Fog is a visible aerosol consisting of tiny water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air at or near the Earth's surface. [1] [2] Fog can be considered a type of low-lying cloud usually resembling stratus and is heavily influenced by nearby bodies of water, topography, and wind conditions.
the cloud cover or cloud amount with values between 0 and 1; the cloud temperature at cloud top ranging from 150 to 340 K; the cloud pressure at top 1013 - 100 hPa; the cloud height, measured above sea level, ranging from 0 to 20 km; the cloud IR emissivity, with values between 0 and 1, with a global average around 0.7
Usually, within the lower atmosphere (the troposphere) the air near the surface of the Earth is warmer than the air above it, largely because the atmosphere is heated from below as solar radiation warms the Earth's surface, which in turn then warms the layer of the atmosphere directly above it, e.g., by thermals (convective heat transfer). [3]
In the air, the condensed water is called either fog or a cloud, depending on its altitude when it forms. If the temperature is below the dew point, and no dew or fog forms, the vapor is called supersaturated. This can happen if there are not enough particles in the air to act as condensation nuclei. [5]
Technical terms and abbreviations appearing (e.g., in axis labels) are shear, AGL, [clarification needed] CAPE, [clarification needed] and BR (bulk Richardson [number]). [jargon] [citation needed] Atmospheric convection is the result of a parcel-environment instability (temperature difference layer) in the atmosphere.
The heat index is a combination of heat and humidity presented as the “feels like” temperature on your weather app. On Tuesday afternoon, it was around 103°F at Kansas City’s downtown airport.
The temperature difference between 850 hPa (5,000 feet (1,500 m) above sea level) and 500 hPa (18,000 feet (5,500 m) above sea level) is used to parameterize the vertical temperature lapse rate. The 850 hPa dew point provides information on the moisture content of the lower atmosphere.
The green, orange and yellow lines indicate how surface temperatures will likely respond if leading carbon emitters begin to reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Without immediate curbs, temperatures are set to follow the red track, and increase between 3.2 and 5.4 degrees Celsius by 2100. The green line shows how we can minimize warming if ...