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Reference counting garbage collection is where each object has a count of the number of references to it. Garbage is identified by having a reference count of zero. An object's reference count is incremented when a reference to it is created and decremented when a reference is destroyed. When the count reaches zero, the object's memory is ...
When an exception is thrown, the program searches back through the stack of function calls until an exception handler is found. Some languages call for unwinding the stack as this search progresses. That is, if function f , containing a handler H for exception E , calls function g , which in turn calls function h , and an exception E occurs in ...
A concurrent system is one where a computation can advance without waiting for all other computations to complete. [1] Concurrent computing is a form of modular programming. In its paradigm an overall computation is factored into subcomputations that may be executed concurrently.
Concurrent object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm which combines object-oriented programming (OOP) together with concurrency.While numerous programming languages, such as Java, combine OOP with concurrency mechanisms like threads, the phrase "concurrent object-oriented programming" primarily refers to systems where objects themselves are a concurrency primitive, such as when ...
Initially, objects are allocated in "to space" until it becomes full and a collection cycle is triggered. At the start of the cycle, the "to space" becomes the "from space", and vice versa. The objects reachable from the root set are copied from the "from space" to the "to space".
In Object Pascal, D, Java, C#, and Python a finally clause can be added to the try construct. No matter how control leaves the try the code inside the finally clause is guaranteed to execute. This is useful when writing code that must relinquish an expensive resource (such as an opened file or a database connection) when finished processing:
In object-oriented programming, objects have methods that can change or use the object's data. Many programming languages use a special word, like this or self , to refer to the current object. In languages that support open recursion , a method in an object can call other methods in the same object, including itself, using this special word.
Concurrent or concurrency testing assesses the behaviour and performance of software and systems that use concurrent computing, generally under normal usage conditions. Typical problems this type of testing will expose are deadlocks, race conditions and problems with shared memory/resource handling.