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In mathematics, an empty product, or nullary product or vacuous product, is the result of multiplying no factors. It is by convention equal to the multiplicative identity (assuming there is an identity for the multiplication operation in question), just as the empty sum—the result of adding no numbers—is by convention zero, or the additive identity.
Since the empty category is vacuously a discrete category, a terminal object can be thought of as an empty product (a product is indeed the limit of the discrete diagram {X i}, in general). Dually, an initial object is a colimit of the empty diagram 0 → C and can be thought of as an empty coproduct or categorical sum.
The empty product on numbers and most algebraic structures has the value of 1 (the identity element of multiplication), just like the empty sum has the value of 0 (the identity element of addition). However, the concept of the empty product is more general, and requires special treatment in logic, set theory, computer programming and category ...
Second, and empty product is not the result of anything, it is something like "0!" whose value is 1, but it is not identical to 1 (or otherwise conversely "1 is an empty product", which seems a bad formulation). In short, one should make distinction between expressions and there values, and an empty product is an expression.
In category theory, the product of two (or more) objects in a category is a notion designed to capture the essence behind constructions in other areas of mathematics such as the Cartesian product of sets, the direct product of groups or rings, and the product of topological spaces.
Thus, the zero-product property holds for any subring of a skew field. If is a prime number, then the ring of integers modulo has the zero-product property (in fact, it is a field). The Gaussian integers are an integral domain because they are a subring of the complex numbers.
Discrete mathematics is the study of mathematical structures that are fundamentally discrete rather than continuous.In contrast to real numbers that have the property of varying "smoothly", the objects studied in discrete mathematics – such as integers, graphs, and statements in logic [1] – do not vary smoothly in this way, but have distinct, separated values. [2]
A closeout or clearance sale (also called a closing down sale in the United Kingdom [1]) is a discount sale of inventory either by retail or wholesale. It may be that a product is not selling well, or that the retailer is closing because of relocation, a fire (a fire sale ), over-ordering, or especially because of bankruptcy . [ 2 ]