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Acid peptic diseases, such as peptic ulcers, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease, are caused by distinct but overlapping pathogenic mechanisms involving acid effects on mucosal defense. Acid reflux damages the esophageal mucosa and may also cause laryngeal tissue injury, leading to the development of pulmonary ...
In the absence of treatment, H. pylori infection usually persists for life. [181] Infection may disappear in the elderly as the stomach's mucosa becomes increasingly atrophic and inhospitable to colonization. Some studies in young children up to two years of age have shown that infection can be transient in this age group. [182] [183]
British: Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD); [1] gastric reflux disease, acid reflux disease, reflux, gastroesophageal reflux: X-ray showing radiocontrast from the stomach (white material below diaphragm) entering the esophagus (three vertical collections of white material in the mid-line of the chest) due to severe reflux: Pronunciation
In 1982, they performed the initial culture of H. pylori and developed their hypothesis on the bacterial cause of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. [9] It has been claimed that the H. pylori theory was ridiculed by established scientists and doctors, who did not believe that any bacteria could live in the acidic environment of the stomach.
[17] [4] Non-infectious causes are seen on occasion, but they are less likely than a viral or bacterial cause. [1] Risk of infection is higher in children due to their lack of immunity. [1] Children are also at higher risk because they are less likely to practice good hygiene habits. [1] Children living in areas without easy access to water and ...
Stomach cancers usually occur due to fluctuations in acidity level and may present with vague symptoms of abdominal fullness, weight loss and pain. The actual cause of stomach cancer is not known but has been linked to infection with Helicobacter pylori, pernicious anemia, Menetriere's disease, and nitrogenous preservatives in food. [4]
Krienitz finds bacteria in the stomach of people with gastric cancer. [2] Turck feeds dogs Bacillus coli and produces ulcers. [7] 1907 Berkley Moynihan suggests that acid is a cause of ulcers. [1] 1910 Schwartz publishes the excess acid theory of the ulcer, coining the famous phrase "no acid, no ulcer." [2]
Esophagitis can be asymptomatic; or can cause epigastric and/or substernal burning pain, especially when lying down or straining; and can make swallowing difficult . The most common cause of esophagitis is the reverse flow of acid from the stomach into the lower esophagus: gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). [2]