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Ethical questions raised include who are good candidates to receive neural implants and what are good and bad uses of neural implants. Whilst deep brain stimulation is increasingly becoming routine for patients with Parkinson's disease, there may be some behavioural side effects. Reports in the literature describe the possibility of apathy ...
The right side of the brain is stimulated to address symptoms on the left side of the body and vice versa. [ citation needed ] Though not common, placement can be accompanied by intracranial hemorrhage , infection or obstructive hydrocephalus , which may require repositioning or a stay in the neurological intensive care unit .
Electrical stimulation using implantable devices came into modern usage in the 1980s and its techniques and applications have continued to develop and expand. [16] Recent reviews highlight how neuromodulation is increasingly utilized across multiple medical subspecialties, providing clinicians with novel therapeutic options for both painful and non-painful complex disorders. [17]
Firstly, non-auditory side-effects, such as vertigo, limit the overall number of electrodes that can deliver useful frequency information. Electrodes found to cause one of these side-effects are deactivated, resulting in fewer signals reaching the brain. In addition, the brainstem is unable to offer the same tonotopic range as the cochlea.
Nowadays, sensory prosthetic devices, such as visual implants, cochlear implants, auditory midbrain implants, and spinal cord stimulators and also motor prosthetic devices, such as deep brain stimulators, Bion microstimulators, the brain control and sensing interface, and cardiac electro-stimulation devices are widely used.
Reported rates of revision cochlear implant surgery vary in adults and children from 3.8% to 8% with the most common indications being device failure, infection, and migration of the implant or electrode. [46] Disequilibrium and vertigo after CI surgery can occur but the symptoms tend to be mild and short-lived. [47]
Neurotechnology encompasses any method or electronic device which interfaces with the nervous system to monitor or modulate neural activity. [1] [2]Common design goals for neurotechnologies include using neural activity readings to control external devices such as neuroprosthetics, altering neural activity via neuromodulation to repair or normalize function affected by neurological disorders ...
The symptoms of vestibulocerebellar syndrome vary among patients but are typically a unique combination of ocular abnormalities including nystagmus, poor or absent smooth pursuit (ability of the eyes to follow a moving object), strabismus (misalignment of the eyes), diplopia (double vision), oscillopsia (the sensation that stationary objects in the visual field are oscillating) and abnormal ...