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Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization chamber cross section. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) is an ionization method used in mass spectrometry which utilizes gas-phase ion-molecule reactions at atmospheric pressure (10 5 Pa), [1] [2] commonly coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). [3]
The use of the term mass spectroscopy is now discouraged due to the possibility of confusion with light spectroscopy. [1] [8] Mass spectrometry is often abbreviated as mass-spec or simply as MS. [1] Modern techniques of mass spectrometry were devised by Arthur Jeffrey Dempster and F.W. Aston in 1918 and 1919 respectively.
The ion is selected in the second mass spectrometry stage MS2 then undergoes further fragmentation to form ion D + which is selected in the third mass spectrometry stage MS3 and detected. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) is the application of selected reaction monitoring to multiple product ions from one or more precursor ions, [3] [4] for ...
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a type of mass spectrometry that uses an inductively coupled plasma to ionize the sample. It atomizes the sample and creates atomic and small polyatomic ions , which are then detected.
Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry is a high-resolution technique that can be used to determine masses with high accuracy. Many applications of FTICR-MS use this mass accuracy to help determine the composition of molecules based on accurate mass. This is possible due to the mass defect of the elements.
In mass spectrometry, the quadrupole mass analyzer (or quadrupole mass filter) is a type of mass analyzer originally conceived [1] by Nobel laureate Wolfgang Paul and his student Helmut Steinwedel. As the name implies, it consists of four cylindrical rods, set parallel to each other. [ 2 ]
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a technique used in mass spectrometry to visualize the spatial distribution of molecules, as biomarkers, metabolites, peptides or proteins by their molecular masses. After collecting a mass spectrum at one spot, the sample is moved to reach another region, and so on, until the entire sample is scanned.
Peroxynitrate chemical ionization mass spectrometer at the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. CI mass spectrometry is a useful tool in structure elucidation of organic compounds. [3] This is possible with CI, because formation of [M+1] + eliminates a stable molecule, which can be used to guess the functional groups present. [3]