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Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization chamber cross section. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) is an ionization method used in mass spectrometry which utilizes gas-phase ion-molecule reactions at atmospheric pressure (10 5 Pa), [1] [2] commonly coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). [3]
Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is an ambient ionization technique that can be coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) for chemical analysis of samples at atmospheric conditions. Coupled ionization sources-MS systems are popular in chemical analysis because the individual capabilities of various sources combined with different MS systems ...
The use of the term mass spectroscopy is now discouraged due to the possibility of confusion with light spectroscopy. [1] [8] Mass spectrometry is often abbreviated as mass-spec or simply as MS. [1] Modern techniques of mass spectrometry were devised by Arthur Jeffrey Dempster and F.W. Aston in 1918 and 1919 respectively.
A quadrupole time-of-flight hybrid tandem mass spectrometer. Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS 2, is a technique in instrumental analysis where two or more stages of analysis using one or more mass analyzer are performed with an additional reaction step in between these analyses to increase their abilities to analyse chemical samples. [1]
The ion is selected in the second mass spectrometry stage MS2 then undergoes further fragmentation to form ion D + which is selected in the third mass spectrometry stage MS3 and detected. Multiple reaction monitoring ( MRM ) is the application of selected reaction monitoring to multiple product ions from one or more precursor ions, [ 3 ] [ 4 ...
The original interface between capillary zone electrophoresis and mass spectrometry was developed in 1987 [9] by Richard D. Smith and coworkers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and who also later were involved in development of interfaces with other CE variants, including capillary isotachophoresis and capillary isoelectric focusing.
Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry is a high-resolution technique that can be used to determine masses with high accuracy. Many applications of FTICR-MS use this mass accuracy to help determine the composition of molecules based on accurate mass. This is possible due to the mass defect of the elements.
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a technique used in mass spectrometry to visualize the spatial distribution of molecules, as biomarkers, metabolites, peptides or proteins by their molecular masses. After collecting a mass spectrum at one spot, the sample is moved to reach another region, and so on, until the entire sample is scanned.