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The ocellated icefish (Chionodraco rastrospinosus) is a fish of the family Channichthyidae. [3] [4] It lives in the cold waters off Antarctica and is known for having transparent haemoglobin-free blood. [5] [6] C. rastrospinosus live in the Southern Ocean up to a depth of 1 km. They are most commonly found on the seabed at 200–400 m.
The cold, well-mixed, oxygen-rich waters of the Southern Ocean provided an environment where a fish with a low metabolic rate could survive even without hemoglobin, albeit less efficiently. When the icefish evolved is unknown; two main competing hypotheses have been postulated.
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Arctic char was first investigated because they expected it to have low optimum temperature requirements and would grow well at the cold water temperatures present in numerous areas of Canada. It could be an alternate species to rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) , and could provide producers with a different niche in the marketplace.
A map of the Arctic. The red line is the 10 °C isotherm in July, commonly used to define the Arctic region; also shown is the Arctic Circle. The white area shows the average minimum extent of sea ice in summer as of 1975. [1] The climate of the Arctic is characterized by long, cold winters
Polar climates are cold, windy and dry. Because of the lack of precipitation and low temperatures the Arctic and Antarctic are considered the world's largest deserts or Polar deserts. [1] [2] Much of the radiation from the Sun that is received is reflected off the snow making the polar regions cold. [3]
Water sky is a phenomenon that is closely related to ice blink. It forms in regions with large areas of ice and low-lying clouds and so is limited mostly to the extreme northern and southern sections of earth, in Antarctica and in the Arctic. When light hits the blue oceans or seas, some of it bounces back and enables the observer to physically ...
The blackfin icefish belongs to Notothenioidei, a suborder of fishes that accounts for 90% of the fish fauna on the Antarctic continental shelf. [3] Icefishes, also called white-blooded fishes, are a unique family in that they are the only known vertebrates to lack haemoglobin , making their blood oxygen carrying capacity just 10% that of other ...