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Schwann cell. Schwann cells (red, cylindral cells at bottom) on a neuron (yellow) in the PNS. Schwann cells or neurolemmocytes (named after German physiologist Theodor Schwann) are the principal glia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Glial cells function to support neurons and in the PNS, also include satellite cells, olfactory ...
Anatomical terms of microanatomy. [ edit on Wikidata] Neurilemma (also known as neurolemma, sheath of Schwann, or Schwann's sheath) [ 1] is the outermost nucleated cytoplasmic layer of Schwann cells (also called neurilemmocytes) that surrounds the axon of the neuron. It forms the outermost layer of the nerve fiber in the peripheral nervous system.
Microglia. Microglia are a type of neuroglia (glial cell) located throughout the brain and spinal cord. [ 1] Microglia account for about 10-15% of cells found within the brain. [ 2] As the resident macrophage cells, they act as the first and main form of active immune defense in the central nervous system (CNS). [ 3]
The peripheral nervous system ( PNS) is one of two components that make up the nervous system of bilateral animals, with the other part being the central nervous system (CNS). The PNS consists of nerves and ganglia, which lie outside the brain and the spinal cord. [ 1] The main function of the PNS is to connect the CNS to the limbs and organs ...
Neurulation refers to the folding process in vertebrate embryos, which includes the transformation of the neural plate into the neural tube. [ 1] The embryo at this stage is termed the neurula . The process begins when the notochord induces the formation of the central nervous system (CNS) by signaling the ectoderm germ layer above it to form ...
Myelinogenesis is the formation and development of myelin sheaths in the nervous system, typically initiated in late prenatal neurodevelopment and continuing throughout postnatal development. [1] Myelinogenesis continues throughout the lifespan to support learning and memory via neural circuit plasticity as well as remyelination following ...
A nociceptor (from Latin nocere 'to harm or hurt'; lit. 'pain receptor') is a sensory neuron that responds to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli by sending "possible threat" signals [ 1][ 2][ 3] to the spinal cord and the brain. The brain creates the sensation of pain to direct attention to the body part, so the threat can be mitigated ...
Group C nerve fibers are one of three classes of nerve fiber in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The C group fibers are unmyelinated and have a small diameter and low conduction velocity, whereas Groups A and B are myelinated. Group C fibers include postganglionic fibers in the autonomic nervous system (ANS ...