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Some bacterial infections cause severe abdominal pain and may persist for several weeks. [19] Children infected with rotavirus usually make a full recovery within three to eight days. [20] However, in poor countries treatment for severe infections is often out of reach and persistent diarrhea is common. [21]
Today, enteric infections and diarrheal diseases like environmental enteropathy account for 760,000 deaths per year worldwide, making EE the second leading cause of death in children under five years old. [73] The exact causes and consequences of EE have been difficult to establish due, in part, to the lack of a clear disease definition. [70]
Antibiotics will not be effective if the cause of gastroenteritis is a viral infection. Doctors usually do not recommend antidiarrheal medications (e.g., Loperamide) for gastroenteritis because they tend to prolong infection, especially in children. [2] Parasitic infections are difficult to treat. A number of drugs are available once the ...
The following are two of the most common ones. Acute diarrhea is one of the most common. Globally, each of the 140 million children born annually experience an average of 7-30 episodes of diarrhea in the first 5 years of life. Some of the causes are infections, lower levels of zinc or problems with some gastric cells. [5]
Dehydration is more common in rotavirus infection than in most of those caused by bacterial pathogens, and is the most common cause of death related to rotavirus infection. [ 71 ] Rotavirus infections can occur throughout life: the first usually produces symptoms , but subsequent infections are typically mild or asymptomatic , [ 72 ] [ 48 ] as ...
It has also been observed to cause villus ischemia, and increase intestinal motility. [15] The net result of these changes is induced diarrhoea. [15] Enteritis necroticans is an often fatal illness, caused by β-toxin of Clostridium perfringens. [16] This causes inflammation and segments of necrosis throughout the gastrointestinal tract.
Children are most commonly affected, and in this age group the infection may also cause poor weight gain, malnutrition, and learning problems. [1] [2] [5] Infection occurs by ingesting food or drink contaminated with Ascaris eggs from feces. [2]
Prevention may be improved through proper hygiene practices. [1] Asymptomatic cases often do not need treatment. [1] When symptoms are present, treatment is typically provided with either tinidazole or metronidazole. [1] Infection may cause a person to become lactose intolerant, so it is recommended to temporarily avoid lactose following an ...
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