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  2. Diuretic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diuretic

    The thiazides and potassium-sparing diuretics are considered to be calcium-sparing diuretics. [6] The thiazides cause a net decrease in calcium lost in urine. [7] The potassium-sparing diuretics cause a net increase in calcium lost in urine, but the increase is much smaller than the increase associated with other diuretic classes. [7]

  3. Potassium-sparing diuretic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium-sparing_diuretic

    Potassium-sparing diuretics or antikaliuretics [1] refer to drugs that cause diuresis without causing potassium loss in the urine. [2] They are typically used as an adjunct in management of hypertension , cirrhosis , and congestive heart failure . [ 3 ]

  4. Hypokalemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypokalemia

    Causes of hypokalemia include vomiting, diarrhea, medications like furosemide and steroids, dialysis, diabetes insipidus, hyperaldosteronism, hypomagnesemia, and not enough intake in the diet. [1] Normal potassium levels in humans are between 3.5 and 5.0 mmol/L (3.5 and 5.0 mEq/L) with levels below 3.5 mmol/L defined as hypokalemia.

  5. Electrolyte imbalance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolyte_imbalance

    Low potassium is caused by increased excretion of potassium, decreased consumption of potassium rich foods, movement of potassium into the cells, or certain endocrine diseases. [3] Excretion is the most common cause of hypokalemia and can be caused by diuretic use, metabolic acidosis , diabetic ketoacidosis , hyperaldosteronism , and renal ...

  6. Hyperkalemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperkalemia

    Measures to remove potassium from the body include diuretics such as furosemide, potassium-binders such as polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate, and hemodialysis. [1] Hemodialysis is the most effective method. [3] Hyperkalemia is rare among those who are otherwise healthy. [6]

  7. Hyperaldosteronism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperaldosteronism

    Treatment includes removing the causative agent (such as licorice), a high-potassium, low-sodium diet (for primary) and high-sodium diet (for secondary), spironolactone and eplerenone, potassium-sparing diuretics that act as aldosterone antagonists, and surgery, depending on the cause. [11] For adrenal adenoma, sometimes surgery is performed.

  8. Triamterene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triamterene

    Triamterene directly blocks the epithelial sodium channel [4] (ENaC) on the lumen side of the kidney collecting tubule. [5]: 127 Other diuretics cause a decrease in the sodium concentration of the forming urine due to the entry of sodium into the cell via the ENaC, and the concomitant exit of potassium from the principal cell into the forming urine.

  9. Thiazide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiazide

    Thiazides combined with potassium citrate, increased water intake and decreased dietary oxalate and sodium can slow or even reverse the formation of calcium-containing kidney stones. [18] High-dose therapy with the thiazide-like diuretic indapamide can be used to treat idiopathic hypercalcinuria (high urine calcium with unknown cause). [19]